Introduction
For the rapid development of modern technic society, electrical energy is one of the most important sources of energy. The stable and reliable supply of electric power is related to the normal production of society and people’s daily lives. In these years, under the environmental requirements of global carbon neutrality, renewable energy has been developed and connected to the grid for electric power use.
It makes the energy resource become more abundant. However, at the same time, the high volatility and uncertain grid-connected electric energy, make the grid operation a challenge and complex to keep grid balancing. At this point, grid balancing technologies based on battery energy storage systems (BESS) is born. It provides a feasible solution to achieve the high share consumption of renewable energy in the electricity system. It also makes the electricity supply more reliable.
Concept of a BESS
Composition of the BESS
The main components of the BESS are the battery module, BMS, PCS, EMS, control and monitoring system and other electronics.
Functioning of the BESS
The BESS can balance the grid by charging at a low load and discharging at high load, which regulates the power supply and demand. When the grid in a low load, the BESS will charge the stored energy and use it at the high load. Conversely, once the load on the grid increases, the BESS will release the stored electrical energy to balance the demand on the grid.
Advantages of BESS
High Flexibility
The BESS has high flexibility, which can adjust the system’s charging and discharging in real time according to the grid’s real demand. At the same time, it can operate in different modes.
Sensitive reaction
The BESS can respond in a short time. It can also switch between charging and discharging in milliseconds. In this way, it effectively improves the grid performance.
Environmentally friendly
Compared to traditional electricity generation, the BESS makes almost no pollution and noise. It produces neither polluting gases nor polluting water sources, which is great for the environment. BESS is very beneficial to achieve carbon neutrality and protect the natural environment.
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Role of the BESS in grid balancing
Regulate the Load
The BESS plays a key role in keeping the electricity flowing smoothly. By monitoring grid loads and the volatility of renewable energy supply in real time. It can make you clear of how much electricity is being used in and how much renewable energy is available. Then, it adjusts how much power it’s storing and releasing to meets the dynamic needs of the grid.
Studies have shown that, using BESS in unbalanced active distribution electricity networks can help to control the voltage by managing how much power is sent out. This helps keeping the voltage of each point in the grid within the right range. It means less money will spend to run the grid and the electricity quality will be better for everyone to use.
Energy storage utilization optimization
The optimal configuration of the BESS is crucial for the improvement of energy storage utilization. By using intelligent control algorithms and predictive analysis techniques, the BESS can efficient charge up when the grid is at an off-peak hour. And then, release it when lots of power is needed to use.
This can highly achieve energy storage utilization. Also, it can change how it charges and releases energy depending on how the grid is working and what people need. This helps to make sure we’re using our energy storage as efficiently as possible and getting the most out of our power system.
Frequency control
The rapid response capability of the BESS makes it an effective tool for grid frequency regulation. When the grid frequency deviates from the standard value, the BESS can quickly absorb or release active power, to even things out. You got it!
This rapid response mechanism helps ensure the stable operation of the grid. Also improve the anti-interference ability of power system, making sure the lights stay on when you need them.
Improve Grid Voltage Quality
The setup of the BESS also plays an important role in improving the voltage quality of the power grid. By setting the BESS just right, we can even out power fluctuations, cut down on energy lost in the grid, and run the whole system more cost-effectively. At the same time, the flexible operation characteristics of the BESS can effectively serve the voltage management of the active distribution network.
Second, it can improve the voltage quality of the network and also improve the reliability of the power supply. Through accurate voltage regulation and stable power grid operation, BESS plays a big role. Such as in improving the voltage quality of the power grid, and providing a strong guarantee for the safe and stable operation of the power system.
Resource: https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/663676312
Application practice of BESS in grid balance
At present, BESS has been widely used in power grid balance and they’re doing a great job.
In Germany, Japan, and beyond.
BESS is lending a hand in balancing out the grid with renewable energy, promoting the development of green energy. These systems can tweak the grid more flexibly. It improves the consumption of renewable energy and tackles the ups and downs that come with it. They can store power when renewable sources are low and dish it out when they’re high, keeping the grid on an even keel for smooth sailing.
In America, China, and lots of other places
BESS can help grid stuff to fix when it goes wonky. They move fast and do stuff to the energy when the grid goes off, so it goes back to normal and the power system stays good.
In some islands
BESS can keep the voltage steady. For these islands are kind of on their own, keep the voltage stable is a little difficult. But BESS comes to the rescue! They keep an eye on the voltage all the time and make sure it stays steady. That way, the power system becomes more reliable.
In some regional grid systems
BESS realizes peak shaving, optimizing grid load curves, and improving grid operating efficiency. BESS stores energy during low-demand periods and releases stored energy during peak-demand periods. The grid load peaks can be effectively reduced, alleviating grid pressure and achieving smooth and efficient grid operation.
Challenges and development trends
The BESS has a tremendous benefit. But it still has a series of challenges, which face some problems such as a high cost, life span, efficiency of cycle and influence of environmental. Especially in technology innovations. Such as the development of more state-of-the-art batteries, advances in battery recycling technology, and smart grid integration. Once these defects improve, the performance and cost reductions will have the prospect to drive further improvements.
Conclusion
With the continuous maturity of renewable energy technologies. Also with advancements in battery technologies. BESS, as a flexible, efficient, and environmentally friendly technical solution, has promising applications in grid balancing. In the future, BESS will become more intelligent and efficient. It will be serving as a critical support for grid balancing. And promoting the large-scale application of renewable energy. Also contributing to the sustainable development of the grid.
References
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